Acessibility Handbook: Add brightness

Add brightness section to the accessibility handbook.

Reviewed by:		pauamma_gundo.com
Approved by:		bcr
Sponsored by:		The FreeBSD Foundation
Differential Revision:	https://reviews.freebsd.org/D51285
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Alfonso S. Siciliano 2025-11-24 22:05:29 +01:00
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@ -488,3 +488,121 @@ To use the yellow-blue.conf theme:
# ln -s /usr/local/etc/portconfig/yellow-blue.conf /usr/local/etc/portconfig/theme.conf
....
====
[[brightness]]
== Brightness
Screen brightness can be adjusted in various ways.
The available methods depend heavily on the hardware, so it's recommended to try the features described in the following sections.
[[backlight]]
=== backlight
The man:backlight[8] utility is included with the operating system.
It is used to set the brightness of devices located under [.filename]#/dev/backlight/#.
The command `backlight -f _device_ _value_` sets the brightness of _device_ to _value_, where _value_ is an integer between 0 (dim) and 100 (bright).
If no device is specified, the default device [.filename]#/dev/backlight/backlight0# is considered.
Example for setting the brightness of the default device to 50%:
[source,shell]
....
% backlight 50
....
[NOTE]
====
Unless the user belongs to the "video" group, the command needs to run as root.
====
[[acpi_video]]
=== acpi_video
The man:acpi_video[4] driver, included with the operating system, uses the ACPI Video Extensions to control display switching and backlight brightness.
To load the kernel module, run:
[source,shell]
....
# kldload acpi_video
....
Brightness settings can be configured using extref:{handbook}config/#configtuning-sysctl[sysctl(8)].
The following parameters are available:
- hw.acpi.video._device_.levels: List of supported brightness levels.
- hw.acpi.video._device_.brightness: Current brightness level of the device.
_device_ is a possible display device.
Example to set the brightness to 50% for the lcd0 device:
[source,shell]
....
% sysctl hw.acpi.video.lcd0.brightness <1>
hw.acpi.video.lcd0.brightness: 90
% sysctl hw.acpi.video.lcd0.levels <2>
hw.acpi.video.lcd0.levels: 90 60 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52
54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78 80 82 84 86 88
90 92 94 96 98 100
# sysctl hw.acpi.video.lcd0.brightness=50 <3>
hw.acpi.video.lcd0.brightness: 90 -> 50
....
<.> `sysctl hw.acpi.video._device_.brightness` to view the current brightness level.
<.> `sysctl hw.acpi.video._device_.levels` to view the available levels.
<.> `sysctl hw.acpi.video._device_.brightness=50` to set the brightness to 50.
[NOTE]
====
man:acpi_video[4] should be loaded after any of the extref:{handbook}x11/#x-graphic-card-drivers[DRM] kernel modules.
====
[[xbrightness]]
=== xbrightness
The package:x11/xbrightness[] utility can change the brightness via the extref:{handbook}x11[X Window System].
[source,shell]
....
# pkg install xbrightness
....
The man:xbrightness[1] utility allows to set a value between 0 (darkness) and 65535 (full brightness).
Example for setting brightness to 50%:
[source,shell]
....
% xbrightness 32767
....
[[xrandr]]
=== xrandr
The package:x11/xrandr[] package is an extension of the X11 server that provides the man:xrandr[1] utility.
It allows you to configure various display properties, including brightness.
To install execute:
[source,shell]
....
# pkg install xrandr
....
The command `xrandr --output _monitor_ --brightness _brightness_` allows you to set the brightness for monitor to a value between 0 and 1.0.
To list the available monitors, run:
[source,shell]
....
% xrandr --listmonitors
Monitors: 2
0: +HDMI-1 1920/598x1080/337+0+0 HDMI-1
1: +eDP-1 1920/344x1080/194+1920+0 eDP-1
....
Example for setting brightness to 50% for HDMI-1:
[source,shell]
....
% xrandr --output HDMI-1 --brightness 0.5
....